Phenolic derivatives from root bark of Schisandra sphenanthera / 中国中药杂志

This paper aimed to study the chemical constituents from the root bark of Schisandra sphenanthera. Silica, Sephadex LH-20 and RP-HPLC were used to separate and purify the 80% ethanol extract of S. sphenanthera. Eleven compounds were identified by ~1H-NMR, ~(13)C-NMR, ESI-MS, etc., which were 2-[2-hydroxy-5-(3-hydroxypropyl)-3-methoxyphenyl]-propane-1,3-diol(1), threo-7-methoxyguaiacylglycerol(2),4-O-(2-hydroxy-1-hydroxymethylethyl)-dihydroconiferylalcohol(3), morusin(4), sanggenol A(5), sanggenon I(6), sanggenon N(7), leachianone G(8),(+)-catechin(9), epicatechin(10), and 7,4'-dimethoxyisoflavone(11). Among them, compound 1 was a new compound, and compounds 2-9 were isolated from S. sphenanthera for the first time. Compounds 2-11 were subjected to cell viability assay, and the results revealed that compounds 4 and 5 had potential cytotoxicity, and compound 4 also had potential antiviral activity.

Five new polyhydroxylated furostanol saponins from the rhizomes of Tupistra chinensis / 中国天然药物

Five new polyhydroxylated furostanol saponins were isolated from the roots and rhizomes of Tupistra chinensis, and their structures were determined as tupistrosides J-N (1-5), together with four known furostanol saponins (6-9), on the basis of physico-chemical properties and spectral analysis. Among them, compounds 3 and 5 showed cytotoxicity against human cancer cell lines SW620 with IC values of 72.5 ± 2.4 and 77.3 ± 2.5 μmol·L, respectively. Compound 4 showed cytotoxicity against human cancer cell line HepG2 with IC value of 88.6 ± 2.1 μmol·L.

Steroidal constituents from Helleborus thibetanus and their cytotoxicities / 中国天然药物

Thibetanosides E-H (1-4), four new steroidal constituents including three rare sulfonates (2-4), were isolated from the roots and rhizomes of Helleborus thibetanus, together with nine known steroidal compounds (5-13). Their structures were elucidated by detailed spectroscopic analysis, including 1D and 2D NMR techniques and chemical evidence. In this study, compounds 2-13 were evaluated for their cytotoxic activities against HCT116, A549 and HepG2 tumor cell lines in vitro. Among them, compound 8 (thibetanoside C) showed cytotoxicities against A549 cells(IC 39.6 ± 1.9 μmol·L) and HepG2 cells(IC 41.5 ± 1.1 μmol·L), respectively. Compound 9 (23S, 24S)-24-[(O-β-D-fucopyranosyl)oxy]-3β, 23-dihydroxy-spirosta-5, 25(27)-diene-1β-ylO-(4-O-acetyl- α-L-rhamnopyranosyl)-(1→2)-O-[β-D-xylopyranosyl-(1→3)]-α-L-arabinopyranoside) showed cytotoxicity against HCT116 cells(IC 33.6 ± 2.1 μmol·L).

Impact of high-density lipoprotein levels at hospital admission on the outcome of patients with acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective To analyze the impact of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels at hospital admission on the incidence of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACCE) in patients with acute ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (ASTEMI).Methods 1067 patients with ASTEMI who were admitted to the 20 hospitals in Liaoning region and with lipid profile tested within the 24 hours of admission from May 2009 until May 2010,were enrolled.Data on basic demographic,clinical,status on admission and method of treatment were collected.Rate on various medical use and MACCE (cardiovascular death,non-fatal myocardial infarction,revascularization and stoke) were compared between the two groups through follow-up observation.Cox proportional hazard analysis was estimation.Results The median HDL-C level was 1.27 mmol/L,with 587 patients having HDL-C below and 489 patients HDL-C above the median level.The incidence rates of non-fatal myocardial infarction and MACCE at one-year follow-up period,was higher in low HDL-C group (4.8％ vs.0.9％,P＜0.001:23.7％ vs.18.1％,P=0.03,respectively) At one month follow-up,the incidence rate of non-fatal myocardial infarction was higher in low HDL-C group (1.4％ vs.0.0％,P=0.01 ).At six month follow-up,the incidence rates of non-fatal myocardial infarction and MACCE on one-year follow-up was higher in low HDL-C group (2.8％ vs.0.4％,P=0.003; 18.3％ vs.13.7％,P=0.04,respectively).Results from Cox proportional hazards analysis indicated that age ( HR =1.02,95％ CI:1.006- 1.035,P =0.005 ),diabetes (HR =1.05,95％ CI:1.053-2.171,P=0.03 ),HDL-C level ( HR =0.56,95％CI:0.340-0.921,P=- 0.02 ) were significantly related to the incidence of MACCE.Conclusion The incidence rates of one year and six month MACCE (mainly non-fatal myocardial infarction) and one month non-fatal myocardial infarction were significant higher in patients with low than high HDL-C levels at admission while kept on the ascending along with time.Age,diabetes,HDL-C level were independent risk factors related to the incidence of MACCE.

Prospective multi-center study of female patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction in Liaoning province, China / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>In cardiology, it is controversial whether gender influences prognosis after acute myocardial infarction (MI). We examined the 30-day and 1-year prognosis for female patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) in Liaoning province, and we analyzed factors that influenced these outcomes.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>This was a prospective, multicenter, observational study in which patient data were collected by questionnaire at the time of diagnosis and at approximately 30 days and 1 year later by telephone inquiries. Patients were diagnosed with STEMI between June 1, 2009 and June 1, 2010 at any of the 20 hospitals that gave treatment representative of current STEMI treatment in Liaoning Province. Unified follow-up questionnaire was used to visit the STEMI patients.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>We analyzed data from a total of 1429 consecutive patients with STEMI in Liaoning province. Female patients were older (70.0 vs. 60.3, P < 0.001) and were less likely to receive emergency reperfusion therapy than male ones (39.2% vs. 58.0%, P < 0.001). Female gender was associated with higher unadjusted 30-day mortality rates (HR = 2.118, 95%CI: 1.572 - 2.854, P < 0.001) and higher unadjusted 1-year mortality rates (HR = 2.174, 95%CI: 1.659 - 2.848, P < 0.001). Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that female gender was not an independent predictor of 30-day mortality rates (HR = 1.273, 95%CI: 0.929 - 1.745, P = 0.133) nor of 1-year mortality rates (HR = 1.112, 95%CI: 0.831 - 1.487, P = 0.475).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Women with STEMI appear to be at increased risk of 30-day and 1-year mortality compared with male STEMI patients, but this difference may be explained by older age and less frequent receipt of reperfusion therapy among the women.</p>

The impact of body mass index on the presentation, treatment and clinical outcomes of patients with ST-segment elevated myocardial infarction / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective To analyze the impact of body mass index (BMI) on the presentation,treatment,and clinical outcomes of patients with ST-segment elevated myocardial infarction (STEMI).Methods 1414 patients with STEMI who were admitted to the 20 hospitals in Liaoning region from May 2009 until May 2010 were enrolled.Patients were stratified according to the BMI levels as normal weight group (18.5 kg/m2≤BMI＜24.0 kg/m2) (n＝485),overweight (24.0 kg/m2≤BMI＜28.0 kg/m2) (n＝736),or obesity (BMI≥28.0 kg/m2) (n＝193).Presentation,treatment and mortality during hospitalization,MACCE (cardiovascular death,non-fatal myocardial infarction,revascularization and stroke) were compared between the three groups at 3-month and 1-year follow-up.Results Obesity in patients with STEMI was associated with younger age (P＜0.001),being male (P＜0.001),with diabetes (P＝0.013) or hypertension (P＜0.001) and hyperlipidmia (P＜0.001).A higher prevalence of reperfusion treatment (P ＝ 0.018),mainly percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) (P＜0.001) was seen during the period of hospitalization.Rates of using other kinds of medicines as well as the mortalities during hospitalization,were similar among the groups with different BMI categories.At 3-month and 1-year follow-up,more use of asprin (3-months:P＝0.018; 1-year:P＝0.002) and β-receptor blockers were seen in the obesity group (3-months:P＝0.025; 1-year:P＝0.030) while the use of other drugs were not significantly different among the three groups.The incidence rates of MACCE were not significantly different among the BMI categories while the cumulative survival rate was similar between obese group and normal weight group.Results from the Cox proportional hazards analysis indicated that factors as age (HR＝1.045,95％ CI:1.028-1.062,P＜0.001),diabetes (HR＝ 1.530,95％ CI:1.107-2.301,P＝0.041),hyperlipidmia (HR＝2.127,95％ CI:1.317-3.435,P＝0.002),urgent PCI (HR＝0.473,95％CI:0.307-0.728,P＝0.001) and the use of β-receptor blockers at 3-months follow-up period (HR＝0.373,95％ CI:0.195-0.713,P＝0.003) were significantly related to the incidence of MACCE at 1-year follow-up period.Conclusion Despite the fact that patients with obesity presented with STEMI at younger age and having received active treatment of reperfusion and medicine,both the 3-month and 1-year outcomes did not show significant difference among the BMI categories.